Indigenous Peoples of Michigan, the Anishinabeg, view the White Rock on the edge of the Lake Huron shore as a sacred site. The rock was much, much larger than it appears today. (Which in 2022 is mostly underwater). The Indian ensured that fresh game and food items were placed on the site as an offering. Gitchie Manitou or Great Spirit would recognize the offering by the Anishinabeg as a token of thanks for the bounty and richness of the peninsula.
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Henry Schoolcraft, in his Survey of the Upper Great Lakes with Lewis Cass in 1820, documented the White Rock and its prominence.
“White Rock, an enormous detached mass of transition limestone standing in the lake at the distance of half a mile from the shore. This is an object looked upon as a kind of milestone by the voyageurs and is known to all canoe and boat travelers of the region. The White Rock is an object which had attracted the early notice of the Indians who are the first to observe the non conformities in the appearances of the country-, and it continues to be one of the places at which offerings are made.”
Henry Schoolcraft 1820
White Rock was so well known as a landmark that it was utilized as a boundary marker. It defined the territory ceded by Ottawa, Chippewa, Wyandot, and Potawatomi with the Treaty of Detroit in 1807. The land was denoted by a line from White Rock, southwest to a point roughly east of St. John’s, then south of Fort Defiance on the Maumee River in Ohio.
Pioneer Settling of White Rock City
Edward Petit was the first white settler in Huron County. He opened a trading post within sight of White Rock and later moved to the growing village.
By the 1830s, White Rock City was a fishing and lumbering port and commerce hub. The city grew enough to warrant a Post Office in 1859, which operated until 1907. On a city directory published by Beers in 1875, White Rock had the following businesses listed.
- Two Building and Carpentry Firms
- Two Fishing Companies
- Two Hotels
- Two Dry Goods Stores
- One Lumber Mill
- A Wagon and Carriage Manufacturing and Blacksmith Shop
- One Salt Block Operation
- One Physician
- One Stave Factory
- One Cooper Shop
In 1871, the entire community was destroyed in the Great Fire. The fire turned out to be a fatal blow for the town. As a result, it was never rebuilt to the size it once was.
The Lighting Strikes of White Rock
Morning Paddle to Turnip Rock Near Port Austin Michigan
Local lore tells a story from around 1860 when a group of settlers decided to have a square dance on White Rock. Local Indians warned them not to have this dance, as the White Rock was sacred. Disregarding the warnings, two sets of square dancers piled onto the White Rock from canoes. One man ignored the Indians’ warning and remained floating in the water nearby. Suddenly, as they danced, a lightning bolt struck the White Rock. It killed all the dancers, leaving only the nearby man to tell of the terrible tragedy.
Today White Rock is almost awash by the high levels of Lake Huron. The size has shrunk too. With erosion and lightning strikes, the rock is about 12 feet. The landmark was used as a training target for bombing practice during World War II. Thus, it’s no wonder that the famous rock is a smaller shadow than it was 100 years ago.
Sources
- Detroit, in the Territory of Michigan Articles of a Treaty
- A Map of the Acting Superintendency of Michigan, 1837 – MSU Map Collection
- The Odd History of “White Rock, Michigan.
